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Based on cancer incidence rates estimated in the United States, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most frequent cancer in humans (after prostate, breast, and lung)1. This estimation is very similar in most of the countries off...
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Based on cancer incidence rates estimated in the United States, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most frequent cancer in humans (after prostate, breast, and lung)1. This estimation is very similar in most of the countries offering reliable cancer statistics. In these countries, approximately one out of 18 persons develops CRC (more than twice more frequently in the colon than in the rectum). This ~ 5% lifetime probability of developing CRC increases to 10-15% in individuals with one first-degree relative affected by CRC (see ref. 2 and references therein). The percentage increases considerably if more than one relative are affected by CRC or other cancers often diagnosed in familial aggregations of CRC. The cumulative lifetime probability reaches 60-100% in carriers of a mutation in a highly penetrant allele, such as in one of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes3 in hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC, also known as Lynch syndrome) or in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
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Material handling: high electrification, LABs are used. Standard IUIa charge regime leads to: - low efficiency (75 %), higher costs; - high temperatures => long cooling time (more batteries). PSOC charge protocol (elimination of p...
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Material handling: high electrification, LABs are used. Standard IUIa charge regime leads to: - low efficiency (75 %), higher costs; - high temperatures => long cooling time (more batteries). PSOC charge protocol (elimination of post charge phase U_a) leads to - higher efficiency (87%), lower costs (16 % @ 0.25 /kWh grid), - lower temperatures; => shorter cooling time (fewer batteries), use of larger batteries possible.
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1. Material handling: high electrification, LABs are used 2. Standard lUla charge regime leads to a. low efficiency (75 %), higher costs b. high temperatures => long cooling time (more batteries) 3. PSOC charge protocol (eliminati...
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1. Material handling: high electrification, LABs are used 2. Standard lUla charge regime leads to a. low efficiency (75 %), higher costs b. high temperatures => long cooling time (more batteries) 3. PSOC charge protocol (elimination of post charge phase Ua) leads to a. higher efficiency (87 %), lower costs (16 % @ 0.25 €/kWh grid), b. lower temperatures ⇒ shorter cooling time (fewer batteries), use of larger batteries possible But partially lower lifetime, sulfation is observed ⇒ Adapted operation strategies are necessary: active electrolyte circulation (pulsed pump operation), regeneration cycles with IU (U ≈ 2.4 V), ≥ 24 h.
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3D Physico-chemical simulation model for the needs of system design optimization was presented; It covers all the most important effects and its dependency on current, ageing, temperature and acid density; There are no battery des...
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3D Physico-chemical simulation model for the needs of system design optimization was presented; It covers all the most important effects and its dependency on current, ageing, temperature and acid density; There are no battery design limitations; Initial verification matches the simulation results; Further development (mainly thermal model) is in progress.
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摘要 :
3D Physico-chemical simulation model for the needs of system design optimization was presented; It covers all the most important effects and its dependency on current, ageing, temperature and acid density; There are no battery des...
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3D Physico-chemical simulation model for the needs of system design optimization was presented; It covers all the most important effects and its dependency on current, ageing, temperature and acid density; There are no battery design limitations; Initial verification matches the simulation results; Further development (mainly thermal model) is in progress.
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LIB: 1. LIB offers the highest energy- and power density; 2. Still no standardization for industrial LIB cells (design and electrochemistry); 3. Issues like recyclability and safety only partly solved; 4. LIB shows a high potentia...
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LIB: 1. LIB offers the highest energy- and power density; 2. Still no standardization for industrial LIB cells (design and electrochemistry); 3. Issues like recyclability and safety only partly solved; 4. LIB shows a high potential to replace and compete with PbA especially in new industrial applications; 5. Cell shortage concerns due to exponentially increasing demand for EV batteries; 6. Applicability of EV second life batteries for demanding industrial market?
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1. STANDARD INDUSTRIAL BATTERY MARKET AND APPLICATIONS a. Motive Power b. Stationary 2. NEW REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL BATTERIES 3. FIELDS OF IMPROVEMENTS FOR BATTERIES a. Ways to improve PbA b. Ways to improve LIB 4. NEW APPLICA...
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1. STANDARD INDUSTRIAL BATTERY MARKET AND APPLICATIONS a. Motive Power b. Stationary 2. NEW REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRIAL BATTERIES 3. FIELDS OF IMPROVEMENTS FOR BATTERIES a. Ways to improve PbA b. Ways to improve LIB 4. NEW APPLICATIONS a. ESS Hybrid System b. Rail Traction Application 5. PROSPECTS.
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Since its introduction early in 2013, the energy storage subsidy of the German government has encouraged many private householders to install battery storage systems. The objective of the energy storage law (EEG) is to increase th...
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Since its introduction early in 2013, the energy storage subsidy of the German government has encouraged many private householders to install battery storage systems. The objective of the energy storage law (EEG) is to increase the self-consumption of stored electrical energy from household owned PV Systems. For the traditional electrochemical storage industry this renewable energy regulation work was the starting point for a formidable expansion in the electrochemical storage business, not only in terms of sales, but also providing new impulses for R&D work. These included not only design and testing for new more effective cells types, but also the development of sophisticated cabinets and smarter battery managements systems. On the other hand these new promising home storage applications posed new challenges to the industrial battery manufacturers and retailers, now dealing with more customers in a manifold of applications with complex service requirements. In this context even traditional concepts like energy throughput and the well -known factors affecting performance and cell ageing, are to updated and optimized to achieve the expected service life of home storage (>10 years). Until now industrial batteries were usually owned and maintained by more or less skilled personnel. As a fact in the next future public knowledge on batteries is going to increase but there will be also more cases of faulty operations. The difference between today and the past is the diversity of the nowadays available electrical storage systems which range from conventional a flooded lead acid, VRLA advanced batteries up to novel Lithium storage chemistries. In our presentation we will compare the different VRLA systems on the European market and give some recommendations about important issues to be considered (battery management, life time, performance, and recycling) from a battery manufacturer's perspective.
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